1. What is pH?

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with lower values indicating acidic solutions and higher values indicating basic solutions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L

Explanation: The formula calculates the negative base-10 logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration to determine the pH value of a solution.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: pH measurement is crucial in various fields including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and medicine. It helps determine the acidity or alkalinity of substances, which affects chemical reactions, biological processes, and environmental conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter (mol/L). The value must be greater than 0. The calculator will compute the corresponding pH value.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between pH and [H+]?
A: pH is inversely related to hydrogen ion concentration. As [H+] increases, pH decreases, indicating higher acidity.

Q2: What is a neutral pH value?
A: A pH of 7 is considered neutral at 25°C, indicating equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions.

Q3: How does temperature affect pH?
A: The pH of neutral water changes with temperature due to the temperature dependence of water's ionization constant.

Q4: Can pH be negative or greater than 14?
A: Yes, for very concentrated strong acids, pH can be negative, and for very concentrated strong bases, pH can exceed 14.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation provides theoretical pH values. Actual measurements may vary due to temperature, ionic strength, and other factors.