1. What is pH?

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)

Explanation: The formula calculates the negative base-10 logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration to determine the pH value of a solution.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: pH measurement is crucial in various fields including chemistry, biology, medicine, and environmental science. It helps determine the acidity or alkalinity of substances, which affects chemical reactions, biological processes, and environmental conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L. The value must be greater than 0. The calculator will compute the corresponding pH value.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the pH of pure water?
A: Pure water has a pH of 7 at 25°C, which is considered neutral.

Q2: What does a pH below 7 indicate?
A: A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution, with lower values representing stronger acidity.

Q3: What does a pH above 7 indicate?
A: A pH above 7 indicates a basic (alkaline) solution, with higher values representing stronger basicity.

Q4: How accurate is the pH calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise based on the hydrogen ion concentration input. However, real-world measurements may have instrumental limitations.

Q5: Can pH values be negative or greater than 14?
A: While theoretically possible with extremely high acid or base concentrations, most practical pH measurements fall within the 0-14 range.